It has been demonstrated that obese people DO suffer discrimination in the workplace. Part of the reason may be that employers are afraid to hire someone with potential health problems that will drive up premiums. Or maybe they just don't like looking at fat people. My guess is that fat people already pay more for health insurance, or get less coverage due to "pre-existing conditions" exclusions.
I don't think taxes or health insurance premiums will motivate people to lose weight. Weight loss is much more complicated than "eat less, exercise more." I've been doing that for nearly two months now, and have lost a total of 5 pounds. I lose 15 or so pounds, and gain them right back. I'm motivated by the fact that I can't get into some of my favorite outfits. And THAT will be different for different people as well.