Significance vs. Practicality
by
KALMBOB
06/27/2007, 12:59 PM #
I am a graduate student working on a Ph.D. in cognitive psychology, and I'd like to allay everyone's fears about these articles.
Yes, they found a difference between older and younger sibling's IQs, but that difference is hardly a large one.
Let me explain a bit about the way IQ works.
Based on a large database, everyone's IQ is normalized, so that the mean (or average) is 100. Additionally, the standard deviation
is set to be 15. A standard deviation is just a measure of how random
people's IQs are. Let me explain that a bit more. We can expect that
68% of the population has an IQ within one standard deviation of the
mean. 96% of the population is within 2 standard deviations of the
mean. In other words, 68% of the population has an IQ between 85 and
115, and 96% have an IQ between 70 and 130.
A difference of 3 points, or one fifth
of a standard deviation is a meaningless difference. I might expect
that same difference depending on whether or not I had my morning cup
of coffee before taking an IQ test.
That's not to say that there isn't a difference. I'm just saying that the difference is so small, its practically meaningless.