1) Yeah, I don't agree with their decision with regards to China (though it is considerably more nuanced than you describe-- they run a separate Google.cn service that complies with Chinese law. The Google.com domain does not cooperate, it's just harder to get to (and still subject to the Great Firewall). It is the legitimate decision with regards to shareholder value, and as such something that should be addressed through legislation such that this is not the correct business decision.
But what the hell does that have to do honoring national holidays?
2) They're an international business. Why would they pander specifically to an American audience, particularly where that would alienate customers elsewhere?
3) In 2007, Google put up 18 doodles. One of these was an American eagle for Independence day. One was (American) Thanksgiving. One was (American) Veterans' day. One was MLK day (on the American national observation of the date). Of the rest, the majority were international holidays celebrated in many countries, including America-- Christmas, New Years, St. Patrick's day (mostly American too), Mother's day (on the American version of the date), Father's day (on the American version of the date), et cetera.
Is the demand zero non-American doodles, or the commemoration of each-and-every official state holiday that celebrates American-ness?
Just how many flag lapel-pins does Google have to wear?
4) "Sacrifice" is about as American an ideal as borscht. Seriously.
5) While I don't mean to suggest that Google shares my views, as someone who generally does consider himself a human being first and an American second, I am generally offended at your suggestion that there's something wrong and/or untrustworthy about this. Frankly, I look askance at those whose nationalistic sentiments lead them to reverse the order of this identification.