...is preferable to citizenship equals service. With the former, you have a choice whether the right to vote and hold public office is worth the risk to life and limb, whereas the latter gives no way of opting out short of leaving the country or going to prison. A draft simply obscures unfairness by using a lottery which leaves out half the population, and universal service masks it by imposing unfairness on everyone. Give people a choice in military or civilian service, and make the length of service necessary related to the risk of the job -- hazard time in addition to hazard pay. Earning citizenship through service would also limit the number of future chickenhawks in elected office.